What compounds give deep red, blue, and purple flint corn kernels their pigmentation?
Answer
Polyphenols and anthocyanins
The vibrant colors seen in blue, red, and purple flint corn varieties are indicators of superior antioxidant content, derived from specific phytochemicals. These pigments are polyphenols, with anthocyanins being a key type. Anthocyanins are recognized for their powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Pigmented maize varieties can exhibit significantly higher antioxidant activity—sometimes two to four times that found in standard yellow or white corn—and anthocyanins specifically aid in reducing LDL cholesterol and improving vascular function.
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