What is the diminutive songbird central to the controversial French dining ritual?
Answer
Ortolan bunting (Emberiza hortulana)
The central focus of this highly unique and secretive culinary practice is the ortolan bunting, scientifically known as *Emberiza hortulana*. This species is a small migratory songbird found across significant portions of Europe and Western Asia. Its historical significance in French gastronomy propelled it to legendary status, though this status is now heavily shadowed by conservation concerns and legal prohibitions. The bird's small size and specific migratory patterns made it an ideal, albeit increasingly rare, target for this elaborate preparation and consumption ceremony.

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