How does the soluble fiber component in split peas specifically help in reducing low-density lipoprotein ($ ext{LDL}$) cholesterol?
It binds with cholesterol particles and ushers them out of the body before absorption.
The mechanism by which soluble fiber combats high cholesterol is a physical interaction within the digestive tract. Soluble fiber absorbs water and forms a gel-like substance as it moves through the intestines. During this process, it physically traps and binds to cholesterol particles, specifically targeting low-density lipoprotein ($ ext{LDL}$), which is commonly referred to as 'bad' cholesterol. Once bound, the fiber prevents the $ ext{LDL}$ cholesterol from being absorbed into the bloodstream through the intestinal walls. Instead, the complex is eliminated from the body during normal defecation, effectively lowering circulating $ ext{LDL}$ levels, which is a primary goal for mitigating cardiovascular disease risk.
