In which year did Nicolas Appert publish his findings in *L'Art de conserver les substances animales et végétales*?
Answer
1812
After years of experimentation culminating in his breakthrough around 1809 and receiving recognition from the French government in 1810, Nicolas Appert formalized his entire methodology into a written work. This publication, titled *L'Art de conserver les substances animales et végétales*, served to widely disseminate his preservation techniques. The book was published in 1812, ensuring that the knowledge of heat processing sealed food became accessible for replication, even though the container material used in his book still reflected his original glass bottle approach.
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