Aqueous leaf extracts of T. occidentalis were shown to inhibit inflammation by reversing elevated levels of which markers?
IL-1$eta$ and TNF-$eta$
The documented anti-inflammatory properties of fluted pumpkin leaves have been demonstrated through laboratory evaluations that monitor specific molecular signals associated with the inflammatory cascade. When aqueous leaf extracts of *T. occidentalis* were tested, they exhibited the capacity to markedly inhibit the inflammatory response by reversing the elevated levels of key pro-inflammatory cytokines. Specifically, these markers were identified as Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1$eta$) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-$eta$). This biochemical action provides scientific validation for its traditional use in managing chronic conditions characterized by heightened inflammation.

#Videos
7 health benefits & uses of pumpkin leaf (ugu) juice - YouTube