In what primary form is Vitamin A found in mustard greens, serving as an antioxidant precursor?

Beta-carotene

The Vitamin A contribution from mustard greens is primarily supplied through a precursor molecule called beta-carotene. Beta-carotene is classified as a carotenoid, a class of pigments responsible for the vibrant yellow, orange, and deep red colors found in many fruits and vegetables. Crucially, the body possesses the enzymatic machinery to convert beta-carotene directly into active Vitamin A as needed, which is why it is referred to as a precursor. This conversion pathway is important because it helps regulate Vitamin A intake, preventing toxic levels. Functionally, both the beta-carotene itself and the subsequent Vitamin A it yields are significant for maintaining robust immune system function, which involves supporting the body’s defenses against infection. Additionally, Vitamin A is critically important for ensuring the health and proper functioning of vision systems.