What handling practice mandates refrigeration for U.S. eggs but not for UK eggs?

Washing before packaging removes the natural protective bloom

In the United States, eggs undergo a washing process prior to packaging. This critical step in handling physically removes the natural protective coating, known as the bloom, which seals the shell pores. Because this natural defense mechanism is absent after washing, the eggs require continuous refrigeration to prevent bacterial ingress and maintain safety standards. Conversely, in many other regions, such as the United Kingdom, eggs are frequently distributed and sold in an unwashed state. This means the natural bloom remains intact, offering sufficient protection at ambient temperatures, allowing them to be sold unrefrigerated without violating local food safety protocols. This divergence in fundamental post-lay handling represents a significant difference in national food processing practices.